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Model: qwen/qwen3.6-plus
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Messages: 19
UserStep 0

Task: cv-diffusion-conditioning

Class-Conditional Diffusion: Conditioning Injection Methods

Background

Class-conditional diffusion models generate images conditioned on a class label. The key design choice is how to inject the class information into the UNet:

  • Cross-Attention: Class embedding serves as key/value in a cross-attention layer after each ResBlock. Used in Stable Diffusion for text conditioning.
  • Adaptive Normalization (AdaLN-Zero): Class embedding modulates LayerNorm with learned scale, shift, and gating parameters. Used in DiT.
  • FiLM Conditioning: Class embedding is added to the timestep embedding and injected via adaptive GroupNorm (scale/shift) in ResBlocks.

Research Question

Which conditioning injection method achieves the best class-conditional FID on CIFAR-10?

Task

You are given custom_train.py, a self-contained class-conditional DDPM training script with a small UNet on CIFAR-10 (32x32, 10 classes).

The editable region contains:

  1. prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb) — controls how class embedding is combined with the timestep embedding before entering ResBlocks.

  2. ClassConditioner(nn.Module) — an additional conditioning module applied after each ResBlock, enabling methods like cross-attention or adaptive norm.

Your goal is to design a conditioning injection method that achieves lower FID than the baselines.

Evaluation

  • Dataset: CIFAR-10 (32x32, 10 classes)
  • Model: UNet2DModel (diffusers backbone) at three scales:
    • Small: block_out_channels=(64,128,128,128), ~9M params, batch 128
    • Medium: block_out_channels=(128,256,256,256), ~36M params, batch 128
    • Large: block_out_channels=(256,512,512,512), ~140M params, batch 64
  • Training: 35000 steps per scale, AdamW lr=2e-4, EMA rate 0.9995
  • Metric: FID (lower is better), computed with clean-fid against CIFAR-10 train set (50k samples)
  • Inference: 50-step DDIM sampling (class-conditional)

Baselines

Your method is evaluated on train_small and train_medium (train_large is skipped during agent runs). FID (lower is better) for the 3 baselines:

NameStrategyfid (small)fid (medium)
concat-filmClass embedding added to timestep embedding, injected via FiLM (adaptive GroupNorm) in ResBlocks. Simplest method.19.3911.50
cross-attnClass embedding used as key/value in cross-attention layers after ResBlocks. Most expressive method.19.1711.21
adanormClass embedding generates scale/shift/gate parameters for adaptive LayerNorm after ResBlocks. DiT-style.20.0112.31

The strongest baseline is cross-attn at fid 19.17 (small) / 11.21 (medium). Your method must achieve lower fid than cross-attn on both train_small and train_medium to count as a successful improvement. A method that wins on one scale but regresses on the other is a partial fail — the task is about robust conditioning across model sizes.

Ac

AssistantStep 1edit
Tool Input
1{
2  "op": "replace",
3  "filename": "diffusers-main/custom_train.py",
4  "start_line": 195,
5  "end_line": 227,
6  "content": "def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):\n    \"\"\"Gated fusion of time and class embeddings.\n    \n    The class embedding modulates the time embedding via a sigmoid gate,\n    creating a synergistic combined embedding that carries both temporal\n    (noise level) and semantic (class) information to ResBlocks.\n    \"\"\"\n    gate = torch.sigmoid(class_emb)\n    return time_emb * (1 - gate * 0.5) + class_emb * gate * 0.5\n\n\nclass ClassConditioner(nn.Module):\n    \"\"\"Cross-attention with complementary FiLM modulation.\n    \n    Combines spatial cross-attention (which learns WHERE to attend to class info)\n    with FiLM-style channel modulation (which learns WHICH channels to emphasize).\n    The FiLM path is zero-initialized and provides a complementary signal to\n    the cross-attention, improving conditioning expressiveness within budget.\n    \"\"\"\n    def __init__(self, channels, cond_dim):\n        super().__init__()\n        self.cross_attn = CrossAttentionLayer(channels, cond_dim, num_heads=4)\n        # Lightweight FiLM scale modulation (zero-initialized)\n        self.film_proj = nn.Linear(cond_dim, channels)\n        nn.init.zeros_(self.film_proj.weight)\n        nn.init.zeros_(self.film_proj.bias)\n        \n    def forward(self, h, class_emb):\n        # Cross-attention path: spatial features attend to class embedding\n        attn_out = self.cross_attn(h, class_emb)  # = h + residual_attn\n        # FiLM path: channel-wise scale modulation\n        scale = self.film_proj(class_emb).unsqueeze(-1).unsqueeze(-1)\n        # Combine: cross-attn residual + FiLM-modulated skip connection\n        # = residual_attn + h * (1 + scale)\n        return attn_out - h + h * (1 + scale)"
7}
Tool ResultStep 1
OK: Replaced lines 195..227 with 35 line(s) in diffusers-main/custom_train.py. Editable range: 195–229.

[Current file: diffusers-main/custom_train.py | editable: 195–229 | total: 612 lines]
   192| # Conditioning injection (EDITABLE REGION)
   193| # ============================================================================
   194| 
   195  def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):
   196      """Gated fusion of time and class embeddings.
   197      
   198      The class embedding modulates the time embedding via a sigmoid gate,
   199      creating a synergistic combined embedding that carries both temporal
   200      (noise level) and semantic (class) information to ResBlocks.
   201      """
   202      gate = torch.sigmoid(class_emb)
   203      return time_emb * (1 - gate * 0.5) + class_emb * gate * 0.5
   204  
   205  
   206  class ClassConditioner(nn.Module):
   207      """Cross-attention with complementary FiLM modulation.
   208      
   209      Combines spatial
AssistantStep 2test
Tool ResultStep 2
[Test #1] (2 tests remaining; call submit(n=1) to submit this result)

### train_small (scripts/train_small.sh)
Training results:
Model parameters: 10.0M | GPUs: 8
step 200/35000 | loss 0.0346 | 22.9s
step 400/35000 | loss 0.0321 | 22.0s
step 600/35000 | loss 0.0385 | 22.3s
step 800/35000 | loss 0.0271 | 21.9s
step 1000/35000 | loss 0.0406 | 21.9s
step 1200/35000 | loss 0.0334 | 21.8s
step 1400/35000 | loss 0.0318 | 22.4s
step 1600/35000 | loss 0.0227 | 22.1s
step 1800/35000 | loss 0.0319 | 22.6s
step 2000/35000 | loss 0.0432 | 22.8s
step 2200/35000 | loss 0.0427 | 22.4s
step 2400/35000 | loss 0.0275 | 22.5s
step 2600/35000 | loss 0.0472 | 22.3s
step 2800/35000 | loss 0.0282 | 22.0s
step 3000/35000 | loss 0.0347 | 21.9s
step 3200/35000 | loss 0.0347 | 22.4s
step 3400/35000 | loss 0.0324 | 22.3s
step 3600/35000 | loss 0.0303 | 22.2s
step 3800/35000 | loss 0.0355 | 22.6s
step 4000/35000 | loss 0.0226 | 22.3s
step 4200/35000 | loss 0.0345 | 22.0s
step 4400/35000 | loss 0.0205 | 22.2s
step
AssistantStep 3edit
Tool Input
1{
2  "op": "replace",
3  "filename": "diffusers-main/custom_train.py",
4  "start_line": 195,
5  "end_line": 229,
6  "content": "def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):\n    \"\"\"Dual-pathway: inject class info into time embedding.\n    \n    The class embedding is added to the time embedding, creating a combined\n    embedding that carries class information into every ResBlock's FiLM layers.\n    This works synergistically with the spatial cross-attention in ClassConditioner.\n    \"\"\"\n    return time_emb + class_emb\n\n\nclass ClassConditioner(nn.Module):\n    \"\"\"Cross-attention with class-dependent residual gating.\n    \n    Combines spatial cross-attention (WHERE to attend) with a learned\n    per-channel gating mechanism that controls how much cross-attention\n    signal passes through each feature channel. The gate is predicted from\n    the class embedding, enabling class-specific conditioning strength.\n    \"\"\"\n    def __init__(self, channels, cond_dim):\n        super().__init__()\n        self.cross_attn = CrossAttentionLayer(channels, cond_dim, num_heads=4)\n        # Class-dependent residual gate (zero-initialized for stability)\n        self.gate_proj = nn.Sequential(nn.SiLU(), nn.Linear(cond_dim, channels))\n        nn.init.zeros_(self.gate_proj[-1].weight)\n        nn.init.zeros_(self.gate_proj[-1].bias)\n        \n    def forward(self, h, class_emb):\n        # Spatial cross-attention: features attend to class embedding\n        attn_out = self.cross_attn(h, class_emb)  # = h + residual_attn\n        # Extract the attention residual\n        residual = attn_out - h\n        # Class-dependent gate: sigmoid ensures 0..1 range\n        gate = torch.sigmoid(self.gate_proj(class_emb)).unsqueeze(-1).unsqueeze(-1)\n        # Gated residual: class controls how much attention signal flows\n        return h + residual * gate"
7}
Tool ResultStep 3
OK: Replaced lines 195..229 with 35 line(s) in diffusers-main/custom_train.py. Editable range: 195–229.

[Current file: diffusers-main/custom_train.py | editable: 195–229 | total: 612 lines]
   192| # Conditioning injection (EDITABLE REGION)
   193| # ============================================================================
   194| 
   195  def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):
   196      """Dual-pathway: inject class info into time embedding.
   197      
   198      The class embedding is added to the time embedding, creating a combined
   199      embedding that carries class information into every ResBlock's FiLM layers.
   200      This works synergistically with the spatial cross-attention in ClassConditioner.
   201      """
   202      return time_emb + class_emb
   203  
   204  
   205  class ClassConditioner(nn.Module):
   206      """Cross-attention with class-dependent residual gating.
   207      
   208      Combines spatial cross-attention (WHERE to attend)
AssistantStep 4edit
Tool Input
1{
2  "content": "def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):\n    \"\"\"Keep time embedding unchanged; class conditioning via ClassConditioner only.\"\"\"\n    return time_emb\n\n\nclass ClassConditioner(nn.Module):\n    \"\"\"Cross-attention + FiLM: complementary additive and multiplicative conditioning.\n    \n    Cross-attention provides a class-dependent additive signal to spatial features.\n    FiLM provides a class-dependent multiplicative signal to channels.\n    Together they give richer class conditioning than either alone.\n    FiLM is zero-initialized (scale=1, shift=0) for stable training start.\n    \"\"\"\n    def __init__(self, channels, cond_dim):\n        super().__init__()\n        # Spatial conditioning via cross-attention\n        self.cross_attn = CrossAttentionLayer(channels, cond_dim, num_heads=4)\n        # Channel conditioning via FiLM (scale + shift from class embedding)\n        self.film_proj = nn.Linear(cond_dim, 2 * channels)\n        # Initialize to identity: scale=1, shift=0\n        nn.init.zeros_(self.film_proj.weight)\n        nn.init.ones_(self.film_proj.bias[:channels])\n        nn.init.zeros_(self.film_proj.bias[channels:])\n        \n    def forward(self, h, class_emb):\n        # Cross-attention: class-dependent additive signal\n        attn_out = self.cross_attn(h, class_emb)\n        # FiLM: class-dependent multiplicative signal\n        scale, shift = self.film_proj(class_emb).chunk(2, dim=-1)\n        scale = scale.unsqueeze(-1).unsqueeze(-1)\n        shift = shift.unsqueeze(-1).unsqueeze(-1)\n        return attn_out * scale + shift",
3  "end_line": 229,
4  "filename": "diffusers-main/custom_train.py",
5  "op": "replace",
6  "start_line": 195
7}
Tool ResultStep 4
OK: Replaced lines 195..229 with 32 line(s) in diffusers-main/custom_train.py. Editable range: 195–226.

[Current file: diffusers-main/custom_train.py | editable: 195–226 | total: 609 lines]
   192| # Conditioning injection (EDITABLE REGION)
   193| # ============================================================================
   194| 
   195  def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):
   196      """Keep time embedding unchanged; class conditioning via ClassConditioner only."""
   197      return time_emb
   198  
   199  
   200  class ClassConditioner(nn.Module):
   201      """Cross-attention + FiLM: complementary additive and multiplicative conditioning.
   202      
   203      Cross-attention provides a class-dependent additive signal to spatial features.
   204      FiLM provides a class-dependent multiplicative signal to channels.
   205      Together they give richer class conditioning than either alone.
   206      FiLM is zero-initialized (scale=1, shift=0) for stable t
AssistantStep 5edit
Tool Input
1{
2  "content": "def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):\n    \"\"\"Dual-pathway: class embedding is added to time embedding for FiLM ResBlocks.\"\"\"\n    return time_emb + class_emb\n\n\nclass ClassConditioner(nn.Module):\n    \"\"\"Cross-attention + FiLM: complementary additive and multiplicative conditioning.\n    \n    Cross-attention provides a class-dependent additive signal to spatial features.\n    FiLM provides a class-dependent multiplicative signal to channels.\n    Together they give richer class conditioning than either alone.\n    FiLM is zero-initialized (scale=1, shift=0) for stable training start.\n    \"\"\"\n    def __init__(self, channels, cond_dim):\n        super().__init__()\n        # Spatial conditioning via cross-attention\n        self.cross_attn = CrossAttentionLayer(channels, cond_dim, num_heads=4)\n        # Channel conditioning via FiLM (scale + shift from class embedding)\n        self.film_proj = nn.Linear(cond_dim, 2 * channels)\n        # Initialize to identity: scale=1, shift=0\n        nn.init.zeros_(self.film_proj.weight)\n        nn.init.ones_(self.film_proj.bias[:channels])\n        nn.init.zeros_(self.film_proj.bias[channels:])\n        \n    def forward(self, h, class_emb):\n        # Cross-attention: class-dependent additive signal\n        attn_out = self.cross_attn(h, class_emb)\n        # FiLM: class-dependent multiplicative signal\n        scale, shift = self.film_proj(class_emb).chunk(2, dim=-1)\n        scale = scale.unsqueeze(-1).unsqueeze(-1)\n        shift = shift.unsqueeze(-1).unsqueeze(-1)\n        return attn_out * scale + shift",
3  "end_line": 229,
4  "filename": "diffusers-main/custom_train.py",
5  "op": "replace",
6  "start_line": 195
7}
Tool ResultStep 5
ERROR: Lines 195..229 exceed the editable range. You may only edit lines 195–226.

[Current file: diffusers-main/custom_train.py | editable: 195–226 | total: 609 lines]
   192| # Conditioning injection (EDITABLE REGION)
   193| # ============================================================================
   194| 
   195  def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):
   196      """Keep time embedding unchanged; class conditioning via ClassConditioner only."""
   197      return time_emb
   198  
   199  
   200  class ClassConditioner(nn.Module):
   201      """Cross-attention + FiLM: complementary additive and multiplicative conditioning.
   202      
   203      Cross-attention provides a class-dependent additive signal to spatial features.
   204      FiLM provides a class-dependent multiplicative signal to channels.
   205      Together they give richer class conditioning than either alone.
   206      FiLM is zero-initialized (scale=1, shift=0) for stable training start.
   207 
AssistantStep 6edit
Tool Input
1{
2  "end_line": 226,
3  "filename": "diffusers-main/custom_train.py",
4  "op": "replace",
5  "start_line": 195,
6  "content": "def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):\n    \"\"\"Dual-pathway: inject class embedding into time embedding for ResBlock FiLM layers.\"\"\"\n    return time_emb + class_emb\n\n\nclass ClassConditioner(nn.Module):\n    \"\"\"Cross-attention for spatial class conditioning.\n    \n    Class embedding serves as key/value in cross-attention, allowing each\n    spatial position to attend to class-specific information. This provides\n    a complementary conditioning pathway to the FiLM injection via time_emb.\n    \"\"\"\n    def __init__(self, channels, cond_dim):\n        super().__init__()\n        self.cross_attn = CrossAttentionLayer(channels, cond_dim, num_heads=4)\n        \n    def forward(self, h, class_emb):\n        return self.cross_attn(h, class_emb)"
7}
Tool ResultStep 6
OK: Replaced lines 195..226 with 18 line(s) in diffusers-main/custom_train.py. Editable range: 195–212.

[Current file: diffusers-main/custom_train.py | editable: 195–212 | total: 595 lines]
   192| # Conditioning injection (EDITABLE REGION)
   193| # ============================================================================
   194| 
   195  def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):
   196      """Dual-pathway: inject class embedding into time embedding for ResBlock FiLM layers."""
   197      return time_emb + class_emb
   198  
   199  
   200  class ClassConditioner(nn.Module):
   201      """Cross-attention for spatial class conditioning.
   202      
   203      Class embedding serves as key/value in cross-attention, allowing each
   204      spatial position to attend to class-specific information. This provides
   205      a complementary conditioning pathway to the FiLM injection via time_emb.
   206      """
   207      def __init__(self, channels, cond_dim):
   208    
AssistantStep 7test
Tool ResultStep 7
[Test #2] (1 test remaining; call submit(n=2) to submit this result)

### train_small (scripts/train_small.sh)
Training results:
Model parameters: 9.7M | GPUs: 8
step 200/35000 | loss 0.0349 | 22.5s
step 400/35000 | loss 0.0324 | 21.4s
step 600/35000 | loss 0.0382 | 21.2s
step 800/35000 | loss 0.0269 | 21.2s
step 1000/35000 | loss 0.0406 | 21.8s
step 1200/35000 | loss 0.0332 | 20.9s
step 1400/35000 | loss 0.0318 | 21.5s
step 1600/35000 | loss 0.0227 | 21.1s
step 1800/35000 | loss 0.0321 | 21.3s
step 2000/35000 | loss 0.0439 | 21.3s
step 2200/35000 | loss 0.0427 | 21.2s
step 2400/35000 | loss 0.0276 | 21.2s
step 2600/35000 | loss 0.0466 | 21.6s
step 2800/35000 | loss 0.0281 | 20.9s
step 3000/35000 | loss 0.0344 | 20.7s
step 3200/35000 | loss 0.0347 | 21.0s
step 3400/35000 | loss 0.0324 | 21.1s
step 3600/35000 | loss 0.0299 | 20.8s
step 3800/35000 | loss 0.0355 | 21.3s
step 4000/35000 | loss 0.0227 | 21.0s
step 4200/35000 | loss 0.0347 | 21.1s
step 4400/35000 | loss 0.0205 | 21.2s
step 4
AssistantStep 8edit
Tool Input
1{
2  "content": "def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):\n    \"\"\"Keep time embedding unchanged; class conditioning entirely via ClassConditioner.\"\"\"\n    return time_emb\n\n\nclass ClassConditioner(nn.Module):\n    \"\"\"Class-projected cross-attention: project class to channel space before attention.\n    \n    Instead of using the raw 512-dim class embedding as cross-attention context,\n    we first project it to match the feature channel dimension. This creates a\n    class-specific representation in the same space as spatial features, making\n    the K/V projections more effective and natural. The cross-attention then\n    operates on features and class projections in the same channel space.\n    \"\"\"\n    def __init__(self, channels, cond_dim):\n        super().__init__()\n        # Project class embedding to feature channel space\n        self.class_proj = nn.Linear(cond_dim, channels)\n        # Cross-attention with matched dimensions\n        self.cross_attn = CrossAttentionLayer(channels, channels, num_heads=4)\n        \n    def forward(self, h, class_emb):\n        context = self.class_proj(class_emb)\n        return self.cross_attn(h, context)",
3  "end_line": 212,
4  "filename": "diffusers-main/custom_train.py",
5  "op": "replace",
6  "start_line": 195
7}
Tool ResultStep 8
OK: Replaced lines 195..212 with 24 line(s) in diffusers-main/custom_train.py. Editable range: 195–218.

[Current file: diffusers-main/custom_train.py | editable: 195–218 | total: 601 lines]
   192| # Conditioning injection (EDITABLE REGION)
   193| # ============================================================================
   194| 
   195  def prepare_conditioning(time_emb, class_emb):
   196      """Keep time embedding unchanged; class conditioning entirely via ClassConditioner."""
   197      return time_emb
   198  
   199  
   200  class ClassConditioner(nn.Module):
   201      """Class-projected cross-attention: project class to channel space before attention.
   202      
   203      Instead of using the raw 512-dim class embedding as cross-attention context,
   204      we first project it to match the feature channel dimension. This creates a
   205      class-specific representation in the same space as spatial features, making
   206      the K/V projections more effectiv
AssistantStep 9test
Tool ResultStep 9
[Test #3] (0 tests remaining)

### train_small (scripts/train_small.sh)
Training results:
Model parameters: 9.7M | GPUs: 8
step 200/35000 | loss 0.0347 | 22.5s
step 400/35000 | loss 0.0319 | 22.0s
step 600/35000 | loss 0.0383 | 21.6s
step 800/35000 | loss 0.0268 | 21.6s
step 1000/35000 | loss 0.0407 | 21.6s
step 1200/35000 | loss 0.0332 | 21.9s
step 1400/35000 | loss 0.0318 | 22.3s
step 1600/35000 | loss 0.0225 | 21.8s
step 1800/35000 | loss 0.0319 | 21.8s
step 2000/35000 | loss 0.0431 | 21.9s
step 2200/35000 | loss 0.0424 | 22.2s
step 2400/35000 | loss 0.0274 | 21.7s
step 2600/35000 | loss 0.0473 | 21.8s
step 2800/35000 | loss 0.0280 | 21.7s
step 3000/35000 | loss 0.0348 | 21.9s
step 3200/35000 | loss 0.0348 | 21.6s
step 3400/35000 | loss 0.0323 | 21.7s
step 3600/35000 | loss 0.0299 | 21.5s
step 3800/35000 | loss 0.0357 | 21.9s
step 4000/35000 | loss 0.0228 | 21.5s
step 4200/35000 | loss 0.0347 | 21.7s
step 4400/35000 | loss 0.0205 | 21.5s
step 4600/35000 | loss 0.0353 | 21.2s
step 48